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Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum :- According to the law of conservation of linear momentum, ‘if the total external force acting on a system is zero, then the total linear momentum of the system remains constant’. According to Newton’s second law, the rate of change of…
Mechanical Equivalent of Heat Mechanical Equivalent of Heat :- In early days heat was not recognized as a form of energy. Heat was supposed to be something needed to raise the temperature of a body or to change its phase. James Prescott Joule first experimentally found that the “heat produced in a system is…
Heat | Heat Energy Heat | Heat Energy :- Heat is a form of energy that is being transferred from one body to another or between adjacent parts of a body as a result of temperature difference. When a body is heated, its temperature increases and molecules begin to move with greater kinetic energy….
Free Body Diagram Free Body Diagram(F.B.D.) :- In a system when several bodies are connected by strings, springs, surfaces of contact, then all the forces acting on the body are sketched by isolating the body from its surroundings. This diagram is called free body diagram. In order to draw F.B.D., the following points are…
What is Thermal Expansion What is Thermal Expansion :- Most materials expand when their temperatures increase. This phenomenon is known as thermal expansion and it has an important role in numerous engineering applications. For example, thermal-expansion joints, are included in buildings, concrete highways, railroad tracks, brick walls, and bridges to compensate for dimensional changes…
State and Prove Bernoulli’s Theorem | Bernoulli’s Theorem | Bernoulli’s Theorem Derivation [State and Prove Bernoulli’s Theorem] Theorem: (State and Prove Bernoulli’s Theorem) According to Bernoulli’s Theorem , in case of steady flow of incompressible and non–viscous fluid through a tube of non–uniform cross–section, the sum of the pressure energy per unit volume, the…
Density of a Mixture Density of a Mixture of substance in the proportion of mass Let a number of substances of masses M1, M2 , M3 etc., and densities ρ1, ρ2, ρ3 etc. respectively are mixed together. The total mass of the mixture = M1 + M2 + M3 +…. The total volume = So…
Pascal’s Law Pascal’s Law It states that the increase in pressure at one point of the enclosed liquid in equilibrium of rest is transmitted equally without loss to all other points of the liquid and also to the walls of the container, provided the effect of gravity is neglected. Proof. Let us consider that an…
Relative Density | Specific Gravity Relative Density Relative density(R.D.) is defined as the ratio of the density of a given substance to the density of pure water at 4°C. R.D. = density of a given substance/density of pure water at 4°C R.D. is a unitless and dimensionless positive scalar physical quantity. Being a dimensionless/unitless quantity…
Pressure of Liquid Pressure of Liquid The normal force (or thrust) exerted by liquid at rest per unit area of the surface in contact with it, is called pressure of liquid or hydrostatic pressure. If F is the normal force acting on a surface area A in contact with liquid, then pressure exerted by liquid…