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Elasticity

Elasticity is the property of matter by virtue of which a body tends to regain its original shape and size after the removal of deforming forces.

Deforming Force :- The external force which try to change the length, volume or shape of a body is called deforming force.
Internal restoring force :- When some external force acts on any substance then due to the intermolecular forces, there is an internal resistance produced into the substance which tries to bring back the original shape and size of the object. This internal resistance is called internal restoring force. Also note that when the body is in equilibrium the numerical value of internal restoring force is equal to the external deforming force.
Perfectly Elastic Body :- The body which perfectly regains its original shape and size after the removal of external deforming force, is called a perfectly elastic body. Quartz [silicon dioxide (SiO₂)] and phosphor bronze (copper-based alloy composed of 3.5-10% tin and up to 1% phosphorus) are the examples of nearly perfectly elastic bodies.
Plastic Body :- The body which does not have the property of opposing the deforming force or the body which remain in deformed state even after the removal of the deforming force is called a plastic body.

Next Topic :- Stress

Pervious Topic :- Rigid Body