Category: Class 11th NCERT

Fourier Law of Heat Conduction   Fourier Law of Heat Conduction :- The Fourier’s Law of Heat Conduction is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics that describes the rate of heat transfer through a material by conduction. It was formulated by the French mathematician and physicist Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier. This law provides a mathematical relationship between…

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Temperature Gradient   The temperature gradient is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics and heat transfer that quantifies the rate of change of temperature with respect to distance. It describes how the temperature of a substance changes as we move from one point to another within it. In other words, it represents how quickly or slowly…

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Thermal Conduction   Thermal conduction is the process of heat transfer through direct contact between particles within a substance, particularly in solids(except Hg). It occurs due to the exchange of kinetic energy between neighboring particles, resulting in the transfer of heat energy from regions of higher temperature to regions of lower temperature. In thermal conduction,…

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Specific Heat | Specific Heat Capacity Specific Heat | Specific Heat Capacity :- Specific heat, also known as specific heat capacity, is a thermodynamic property that quantifies the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass (typically measured in grams) of a substance by one degree Celsius (or one Kelvin) under…

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Internal Energy | Internal Energy and Heat Energy Internal Energy | Internal Energy and Heat Energy :- The energy associated with configuration and random motion of atoms & molecules within a body is called internal energy. Types of Internal Energy Internal Energy is of two types :- Internal Kinetic Energy :- The energy associated with…

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Beats in sound waves | Beats class 11   Beats in sound waves | Beats class 11 :- Beats are fluctuations in amplitude(or intensity) produced by superposition of two sound waves of same amplitude and slightly different frequencies travelling in same direction. For example, when two tuning forks with slightly different frequencies are sounded together, then…

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Application of Elasticity   Application of Elasticity :- Elasticity has important applications in the fields of mechanical, civil, aeronautical and materials engineering, for example determining the strength and load carrying ability of engineering structures including buildings, bridges, cars, planes, and thousands of machine parts. Some of the application of elasticity are :- (1) Metallic ropes…

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Triple Point of Water   Triple Point of Water/substance :- The temperature and pressure at which all the three phases of a substance coexist and the fusion curve, the vaporisation curve and the sublimation curve meet is called the triple point of a substance. We have studied that during change of state (phase change) the…

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Change of State   Change of State :- Matter typically exists in three states: solid, liquid and gas. When heat energy is supplied to a substance it changes from one state to another and the process is known as a change of state. Two normal changes of states are solid to liquid and liquid to gas…

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Heating Curve   A plot of temperature versus heat, showing the amount of heat energy a substance has absorbed with increasing temperature is called heating curve. To draw heating curve of a substance, it is taken in a closed container in order to isolate it from its surroundings and then it is observed that how…

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